When something stressful happens to us, our initial response is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. The main function generally attributed to the HPA axis involves the body's reaction to stress. What is the HPA axis and what does it do? The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are located just above the brainstem, while the adrenal glands are found on top of the kidneys. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, or HPA axis as it is commonly called, describes the interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands. HPA axis activation, proceeding from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland to the adrenal glands.
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